A literary movement, also known as a literary school or literary group,
refers to a collective of writers who share similar artistic, thematic, or
stylistic concerns during a specific period of time. Philip Larkin is often
regarded as a poet associated with the Movement, a literary group in post-World
War II England. Larkin's poems
"Church Going" and "MCMXIV" can be examined within the
context of his position as a movement poet, demonstrating his engagement with
the concerns and aesthetic principles of the movement.
One of the central features of Movement poetry is its focus on everyday
life and the ordinary experiences of individuals. In "Church Going,"
Larkin explores the theme of the decline of religious faith and the dwindling
significance of the church in modern society. The poem centers around the
speaker's visit to an empty church, symbolizing the loss of faith and the
erosion of traditional values. Larkin's attention to the mundane details of the
church, such as the "plaque and matting, seats, and stone," reflects
the Movement's commitment to capturing the ordinary aspects of life and
elevating them to poetic significance.
Likewise, "MCMXIV" can be seen as a movement poem
through its portrayal of the ordinary lives of people before the outbreak of
World War I. Larkin describes the streets, shops, and individuals going about
their daily routines, creating a vivid image of a peaceful and simpler time.
This focus on the ordinary highlights the Movement's interest in capturing the
essence of the everyday and the impact of historical events on the lives of
ordinary individuals.
Another characteristic of Movement poetry is its skepticism towards grand
narratives and ideologies. In "Church Going," Larkin presents a
critical perspective on religion, questioning its relevance and casting doubt
on its significance. The poem explores the decline of religious faith and the
erosion of traditional beliefs in a secular and modern world. Larkin's
skepticism aligns with the Movement's rejection of ideological grandeur and its
preference for a more individualistic and realistic approach to life.
Similarly, "MCMXIV" reflects a skepticism towards
the idealized notions of the pre-war era. The poem juxtaposes the innocent past
with the harsh realities of war, debunking romanticized notions of national
pride and unity. Larkin's critical examination of historical events and
societal values aligns with the Movement's rejection of sentimentalism and its
inclination towards a more nuanced understanding of the human condition.
In terms of form and style, Larkin's poems often display a plain and direct
language, eschewing elaborate metaphors and intricate structures. This
simplicity of expression is a characteristic feature of Movement poetry,
emphasizing clarity and accessibility. Larkin's use of precise and concrete imagery,
as seen in both "Church Going" and "MCMXIV," contributes to
the straightforward and unadorned style associated with the movement.
In conclusion, Philip Larkin can be considered a movement poet in
relation to his poems "Church Going" and "MCMXIV." His
engagement with the concerns of the Movement, such as the focus on everyday
life, skepticism towards grand narratives, and simplicity of expression, is
evident in these poems. By capturing the ordinary experiences of individuals
and challenging established ideologies, Larkin contributes to the movement's
broader aim of bringing a realistic and accessible perspective to poetry.
